Exposure of a child or youth to any violent or threatening behaviour or abuse between adults who are, or have been, intimate partners is considered a form of child maltreatment. This includes any event with a child or youth witnessing, hearing, being involved in, or being aware of any form of violence involving their caregivers, including physical or sexual assault, harassment or coercion, psychological and emotional abuse, and controlling behaviours.
How children are affected by intimate partner violence:
- Increased risk of psychological, social, emotional and behavioural problems – children and youth who are exposed to intimate partner violence can develop mood and anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as substance abuse and school-related problems
- Increase risk for physical, sexual and emotional abuse and neglect – 60-75% of families with abused women have children have also been abused
*Additionally, intimate partner violence has a negative effect on the birth weight of children born to mothers who have been impacted by intimate partner violence while pregnant
What can be done to prevent child/ adolescent exposure to intimate partner violence?
- Beware of signs of exposure – examples of exposure can include injuries to the child or withdrawn behaviour
- Responding safely when intimate partner violence is disclosed, and a child is involved – assess the situation and ensure the child is not in immediate danger
- Conducting co-research with the child population impacted by intimate partner violence to help understand the unique needs and challenges they face
Source:
- Canadian Paediatric Society. (2025). Recognizing and responding to children with suspected exposure to intimate partner violence between caregivers.
- Wathen, C. N., & Macmillan, H. L. (2013). Children’s exposure to intimate partner violence: Impacts and interventions. Paediatrics & child health, 18(8), 419–422.
